objective, short answer, match the column, and long answer questions based on the Human Circulatory System

 

✅ OBJECTIVE TYPE QUESTIONS:

1. Choose the correct answer:


(i) Nucleus is absent in:
✅ (a) RBCs

(ii) The only artery which carries deoxygenated blood is:
✅ (b) Pulmonary artery

(iii) Sphygmomanometer measures:
✅ (e) Blood pressure

(iv) Pulmonary vein carries:
✅ (a) Oxygenated blood

(v) The blood tastes saltish due to the presence of dissolved:
✅ (a) Sodium chloride

(vi) Which of the following is an organ of the human cardiovascular system?
✅ (b) Heart

(vii) Haemoglobin consists of:
✅ (c) Iron + Proteins

(viii) Which of the following blood vessels carries deoxygenated blood to the heart?
✅ (d) Vena cavae

✍️ 2. Fill in the blanks:

(a) The colour of a red blood cell is due to haemoglobin
(b) The two lower chambers of the heart are called ventricles
(c) The blood plasma contains dissolved substances such as proteins and salts
(d) The pulmonary artery takes the blood from the ventricles to the lungs
(e) The instrument used to find out the blood pressure is known as sphygmomanometer
(f) The blood loaded with carbon dioxide from the body comes into the right side of the heart
(g) The oxygen-rich blood from the lungs comes into the left side of the heart
(h) The oxygen-rich blood is pumped into different parts of the body through the aorta
(i) The carbon dioxide loaded blood from the right ventricle is pumped into the lungs through pulmonary artery

🔗 3. Match the Columns:

Column AColumn B
(i) Haemoglobin(c) Oxygen carrier
(ii) Heart(d) Pumping organ
(iii) Leukocytes(a) Antibodies
(iv) Atria(e) Receiving chambers
(v) Ventricles(b) Distributing chambers

🚦 4. Choose the odd one & category of the rest:

(i) Odd one: Leukoplasts
Category: Blood cells (others are blood cells)

(ii) Odd one: Atria
Category: Blood vessels (rest are vessels)

(iii) Odd one: Kidney
Category: Circulatory system components

(iv) Odd one: Haemoglobin
Category: Blood cells (RBC, WBC, Platelets)

(v) Odd one: Diaphragm
Category: Parts of heart/circulatory system

🧠 SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONS

1. Differentiate:

(a) Platelets vs WBC

  • Platelets: Help in blood clotting

  • WBC: Fight infections (immunity)

(b) Pulmonary Artery vs Pulmonary Vein

  • Pulmonary Artery: Carries deoxygenated blood from heart to lungs

  • Pulmonary Vein: Carries oxygenated blood from lungs to heart

(c) Vena cava vs Aorta

  • Vena cava: Brings deoxygenated blood to heart

  • Aorta: Takes oxygenated blood from heart to body

(d) RBC vs WBC

  • RBC: Carry oxygen, contain haemoglobin, no nucleus

  • WBC: Provide immunity, have nucleus, no haemoglobin

2. Three differences between artery and vein:

FeatureArteryVein
WallThick and elasticThin and less elastic
ValvesNo valvesValves present
DirectionAway from heartToward the heart

3. Two parts of blood:

  • Liquid part: Plasma – carries nutrients, hormones, waste

  • Cellular part: RBCs, WBCs, Platelets – oxygen, immunity, clotting

4. Role of haemoglobin:
Carries oxygen from lungs to tissues and gives blood its red color.

5. Organ where blood becomes oxygenated:
Lungs

6. Side of heart with oxygenated blood:
Left side

7. Disease with low platelets:
Dengue fever
Symptoms: Bleeding gums, rashes, low platelet count

📝 5. Name the following:

(i) Three components of circulatory system:

  • Heart, Blood, Blood vessels

(ii) Three kinds of blood vessels:

  • Arteries, Veins, Capillaries

(iii) Three types of blood cells:

  • RBCs (Erythrocytes), WBCs (Leukocytes), Platelets (Thrombocytes)

❌ 6. Correct the following statements:

(i) Karl Landsteiner identified the different types of blood groups.
(ii) A faster heart beat is usually an indication of hypertension.
(iii) WBCs produce special substances called antibodies.
(iv) Thrombocytes contain no haemoglobin.
(v) Arteries do not possess valves.

🔄 7. Write one important role:

(i) Erythrocytes – Carry oxygen
(ii) Thrombocytes – Help in clotting
(iii) Arteries – Carry blood away from heart
(iv) Vena cavae – Bring deoxygenated blood to heart
(v) Heart – Pumps blood throughout body

💉 8. Two diseases with low platelet count:

  • Dengue

  • Leukemia

✍️ LONG ANSWER QUESTIONS (Summarised Format)

1. Three kinds of blood vessels:

  • Arteries: Thick-walled, carry blood away from heart

  • Veins: Thin-walled, valves present, carry blood to heart

  • Capillaries: One-cell thick, exchange of gases

(Draw simple labelled diagrams)

2. Difference between WBC and RBC:

FeatureRBCWBC
FunctionCarry oxygenProvide immunity
NucleusAbsentPresent
QuantityMore abundantLess in number

3. Blood vessels visible in elderly hands are:
Veins — Confirmed by their bluish appearance, thin walls, and superficial location.

4. Heart labelling question:
(Refer to diagram. Common labels include Pulmonary artery, Aorta, Left atrium, Right ventricle, Vena cava.)

(a) Vessel marked 2 carries: Oxygenated blood (if Pulmonary vein)
(b) Main artery from heart: Aorta
(c) Chamber receiving oxygenated blood: Left atrium

5. Distinguish the following pairs:

(i) Arteries vs Veins [structure]:

  • Arteries: Thick elastic walls

  • Veins: Thin walls with valves

(ii) Atria vs Ventricles [location]:

  • Atria: Upper chambers

  • Ventricles: Lower chambers

(iii) AB vs O Blood group [antigens]:

  • AB: Both A and B antigens

  • O: No antigens

(iv) Pulmonary vs Systemic [blood flow direction]:

  • Pulmonary: Heart → Lungs → Heart

  • Systemic: Heart → Body → Heart

(v) Pulmonary artery vs vein [blood type carried]:

  • Artery: Deoxygenated blood

  • Vein: Oxygenated blood

  • I. Objective Questions
    1. What is the primary function of the human circulatory system? 
    a) To transport oxygen and nutrients to cells and remove waste products.
    b) To pump blood throughout the body.
    c) To regulate body temperature.
    d) All of the above.
    Answer: (d) 
    1. Which blood vessels carry blood away from the heart?
    a) Veins
    b) Arteries
    c) Capillaries
    d) Lymphatic vessels
    Answer: (b) 
    1. What is the role of capillaries in the circulatory system?
    a) Carry blood away from the heart.
    b) Carry blood towards the heart.
    c) Connect arteries and veins.
    d) Pump blood.
    Answer: (c) 
    1. Which blood vessels carry deoxygenated blood back to the heart?
    a) Arteries
    b) Veins
    c) Capillaries
    d) Lymphatic vessels
    Answer: (b)
    1. What is the main function of the heart?
    a) To filter blood.
    b) To produce blood cells.
    c) To pump blood.
    d) To store blood.
    Answer: (c) 
    II. Short Answer Questions
    1. 1. What are the main components of the human circulatory system?
      • The human circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries), and blood. 
    2. 2. Name the four chambers of the human heart.
      • The human heart has two atria (right and left) and two ventricles (right and left). 
    3. 3. What is the difference between arteries and veins?
      • Arteries carry blood away from the heart, while veins carry blood towards the heart. 
    4. 4. What is the role of platelets in blood clotting?
      • Platelets help in blood clotting by forming a plug at the site of injury to prevent excessive bleeding. 
    5. 5. What is pulmonary circulation?
      • Pulmonary circulation is the part of the circulatory system that moves blood between the heart and lungs to exchange carbon dioxide for oxygen. 

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